About this publication collection
Benzene Line technology is connected to several decades of research in radiocarbon sample preparation, lithium carbide production, benzene synthesis and liquid scintillation measurement. This page brings together selected publications by researchers associated with these developments together with independent background literature relevant to the methods described on this site.
The presence of a publication on this page does not imply that every author is affiliated with Benzene Line or that every paper evaluates the current commercial equipment configuration. Publications are included because they document methods, components or scientific context relevant to the technology.
Methods and components
Benzene Line-Related Radiocarbon Research
Recent Developments in the Procedures Used at the SSCER Laboratory for the Routine Preparation of Lithium Carbide
Vadim V. Skripkin, Nikolai N. Kovaliukh
Radiocarbon, Volume 40, Issue 1, pp. 211–214
Describes equipment and operating procedures developed at the SSCER laboratory for radiocarbon sample conversion, including vacuum pyrolysis/direct chemisorption approaches and lithium carbide preparation.
Open DOI record for “Recent Developments in the Procedures Used at the SSCER Laboratory for the Routine Preparation of Lithium Carbide”Related topics
Newly Designed 0.8-ML Teflon® Vial for Microvolume Radiocarbon Dating
Michael Buzinny, Vadim Skripkin
Radiocarbon, Volume 37, Issue 2, pp. 743–747
Reports tests of 0.8 mL Teflon vial configurations for microvolume radiocarbon measurement using a Quantulus 1220 liquid scintillation spectrometer.
Open DOI record for “Newly Designed 0.8-ML Teflon® Vial for Microvolume Radiocarbon Dating”Related topics
Radiocarbon Dating of Neolithic Pottery
G. Zaitseva, V. Skripkin, N. Kovaliukh, G. Possnert, P. Dolukhanov, A. Vybornov
Radiocarbon, Volume 51, Issue 2, pp. 795–801
Examines direct radiocarbon measurement of organic matter associated with archaeological pottery and discusses limitations related to the origin of dated carbon.
Open DOI record for “Radiocarbon Dating of Neolithic Pottery”Related topics
Independent scientific context
Selected Background Literature
Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC)—Past, Present, and Future
Alan G. Hogg, Gordon T. Cook
Radiocarbon, Volume 64, Issue 3, pp. 541–554
A review of radiocarbon analysis by liquid scintillation counting/spectroscopy and its role alongside other C-14 measurement approaches.
Open DOI record for “Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC)—Past, Present, and Future”Related topics
Radiocarbon Dating at Groningen: New and Updated Chemical Pretreatment Procedures
M. W. Dee et al.
Radiocarbon, Volume 62, Issue 1, pp. 63–74
Provides modern laboratory context for material-dependent radiocarbon sample pretreatment, contamination control and isolation of appropriate sample fractions. It does not describe the use of Benzene Line equipment.
Open DOI record for “Radiocarbon Dating at Groningen: New and Updated Chemical Pretreatment Procedures”Related topics
Results and Methods in the Radiocarbon Dating of Pottery
R. E. M. Hedges, Chen Tiemei, R. A. Housley
Radiocarbon, Volume 34, Issue 3, pp. 906–915
Discusses the challenge of multiple carbon sources in archaeological pottery and why selection and interpretation of dated fractions matter.
Open DOI record for “Results and Methods in the Radiocarbon Dating of Pottery”Related topics
Benzene synthesis for radiocarbon dating and study of the catalyst used for acetylene trimerization
G. Belluomini, A. Delfino, L. Manfra, V. Petrone
The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Volume 29, Issue 7, pp. 453–459
Describes the conventional radiocarbon benzene-synthesis sequence through lithium carbide, acetylene and catalytic conversion to benzene.
Open DOI record for “Benzene synthesis for radiocarbon dating and study of the catalyst used for acetylene trimerization”Related topics